It may seem peculiar, but a sore throat is not necessarily the precursor to disaster and doom, or even a dose of the dreaded flu. This is because your body, however unhealthy your diet and lifestyle may be, maintains a stubborn determination to clear out toxins.

One way of doing this is to raise the temperature in the glands to burn up old rubbish – much like having a grand bonfire with all your garden junk. Another method is to expel toxins via mucous secretions. The upshot of such activity can be a sore, swollen throat with catarrhal congestion and a general feeling of concrete in the head – but this isn’t always a sign that you are going down with a cold it could be a sign that your body is trying to detox.

Although a sore throat can be a sign that your body is trying to detoxify itself if it persists for more than a few days consult your doctor. In the meantime plenty of water will help flush the system through and keep you energised. Regular doses of Vitamin C will help your immune system perform efficiently and prevent a clearout deteriorating into a serious cold or flu. Echinacea tincture can help lubricate the throat whilst delivering its immune boosting herbal effect to the body.

At the first sign of a sore throat, gargle with sage, an herb that has traditionally been used for throat infections, due to its antiseptic qualities. It can be used for mouth ulcers and inflammations, for the same reason. Sage also helps to regulate body temperature, keeping you cool whilst your body battles the bugs.

Food scientists in Taiwan report capsaicin – the natural compound that gives red pepper its spicy kick – can reduce the growth of fat cells. Toss it in stir fries, add to your pasta and sauce or enjoy it raw and crunchy in salads.

It’s an aspect of our health that most of us take for granted. We assume that the basic laws of nature apply when it comes to making babies: Have sex, get pregnant, right? But in reality, a woman’s reproductive system is extremely sensitive, and any stress — psychological, nutritional, or physical — can throw a body out of whack.

If you’re trying to conceive, these simple health moves can help protect and boost your fertility.

1. Be patient. It takes three months for an egg to develop from a group of follicles to be selected as the egg that is released in a cycle. It also takes three months for a man to generate a completely new batch of sperm. So before you start trying for a baby give yourself and your partner three months to make positive diet and lifestyle changes so that your eggs and sperm are as healthy and fertile as possible. Stop taking the contraceptive pill, or have your IUD removed, at least 3-6 months before you plan to start trying to conceive.
2. Watch your weight: When it comes to fertility, too thin is as bad as too fat. Being excessively underweight or overweight significantly reduces your ability to conceive. Fat is essential to fertility and is necessary in order to ovulate. The advice of fertility experts is to eat healthily and to exercise regularly, and to aim for a body mass index (BMI) – your weight in kilograms divided by the square of your height in metres – of between 20 and 25. For exercise, a combination of aerobics and resistance work, such as weight training, is recommended, but don’t over do it as too much exercise can have a negative effect on your fertility.
3. Be aware of possible symptoms of fertility problems – irregular periods, heavy bleeding, unusual pains or discharge – and see your doctor if necessary.
4. Consider your partner’s fertility – is he wearing tight briefs, taking hot baths, a cyclist or does his career impact his fertility, for example is he a cook working near hot ovens as high temperatures can lower fertility. If so, it’s worth him taking action and making healthy lifestyle changes that can boost his own fertility.
5. Health check up. Before you start trying to conceive, you and your partner should book in for a general health check up with a clinic specialising in fertility. Find out if you or your partner are deficient in any minerals and supplement them in for three months if you are. Have a screening for genito-urinary infections if you have had any discharge or recurrent thrush or problems in the past. You can have a test for hormone function and your partner could have a semen analysis if you suspect there might be a problem.
6. You and your baby are what you eat. Good nutrition is the foundation of fertility. For example, the most important mineral for female (as well as male) fertility is zinc, yet according to a 1995 National Food Survey, nine out of 10 people are grossly deficient in this essential mineral. This is because many foods are stripped in the process of being refined, and because of depletion of the soil due to intensive farming. My advice is to buy organic food – because it’s more nutrient rich and because harmful pesticides are eliminated – and to eat a variety of foods, including fish, nuts, seeds, fresh fruit and vegetables. Try to eat fresh fish at least twice a week, and cut down red meat and chicken to only once a week each, or preferably eliminate completely. Eat plenty of fibre as well.
7. Take supplements. Because food isn’t as nutrient rich as it once was, a balanced diet is not enough, and so you will need supplements. For women unable to get a personalised nutritional programme, the following is recommended by experts: 1,000 mg of linseed or fish oil a day; 1,000 mg vitamin C a day and a multivitamin designed for fertility for both you and your partner, that includes 400mcg of folic acid for you to reduce the risk of spina bifida in your baby to be.
8. Include EFA (essential fatty acids) in your diet – eat oily fish and use cold pressed unrefined vegetable and nuts oil to make salad dressings or use organic olive oil, or take EFA supplements.
9. Cut out alcohol to achieve the maximum fertility boosting effect. Avoid caffeine and recreational drugs, and stop smoking – smokers take longer to conceive and can it can push you closer to the menopause faster.
10. Keep your blood sugar level by avoiding sugars, refined and processed food and eating lots of small whole food meals and not leaving more than three hours between meals and snacks. Blood sugar imbalances have been linked to reduced fertility.
11. Don’t douche. This cleansing routine can wipe out normal, protective bacteria in the vagina, shifting the balance and putting you at risk for bacterial vaginosis (BV), a common but often overlooked vaginal infection. A fishy odour and greyish discharge are often the only signs. Untreated BV has been linked to preterm labour and may be associated with higher risk of miscarriage and infertility. See your health-care provider if you notice any new vaginal symptoms (itchiness, burning, unusual discharge, or sores).
12. Get to know your cycle and when you’re ovulating. Make love every other day through your fertile period to maximise your chances. You can determine when you are ovulating by using an ovulation detection kit or by practicing FAM (Fertility Awareness Method). By observing your waking temperature, cervical fluid and cervical position you can pinpoint the days when you are able to conceive.
13. Minimise your exposure to pollution wherever possible. Xenoestrogens are oestrogens found in environmental chemicals and pesticides. Certain foods can have high levels of xenoestrogens, which, if ingested, may disturb your balance of hormones. Imbalanced hormones are often the cause of fertility issues.
14. Herbal medicine can help – agnus castus can be used to treat female hormonal imbalance. Milk thistle boosts liver function and can help fertility by improving your body’s ability to process toxins.
15. Homeopathy and acupuncture treat the body as a whole, and can have some success in treating fertility. Consider other stress reducing alternative therapies that report some success with fertility such as reflexology
16. Take a holiday. Many women fall pregnant on holiday. Why? Because this is when they relax. Stress is an enemy of fertility and anything that relieves it is encouraged. Alternative therapies – such as reflexology, homeopathy, acupuncture and yoga – can help achieve the desired emotional and psychological state.
17. Happy hour. A couple’s most fertile time of day is between 5pm and 7pm. The number and quality of sperm varies throughout the day, peaking in late afternoon with a sperm count that is 35% higher than it is in the morning. Since women are most likely to ovulate between 3 and 7pm, some researchers suggest couples leave work early to increase their chances of baby making.
18. The same things that harms your fertility can harm your partner’s reproductive health too. Cigarettes, alcohol, a poor diet — any of these can contribute to lower sperm production or motility (ability to swim). Studies have also traced chromosomal damage in sperm to cigarette smoke and heavy alcohol intake. Getting enough nutrients every day — particularly vitamins E and C and the mineral selenium — will help him produce healthy sperm. Bear in mind that it takes almost three months for a man to make new sperm, so he needs to think ahead too.
19. Eat dairy food in moderation: In a country where skim-milk lattes and low fat yogurt are the norm, you may be surprised to hear the results of a new study, published in the journal Human Reproduction–eating a little high-fat dairy may increase fertility. Researchers found that women who had one daily serving of full-fat dairy lowered their ovulatory infertility risk by 27 percent. Low-fat dairy foods were linked to an 85 percent higher chance of infertility. Don’t go overboard though, as too much dairy can lead to weight gain, so eat in moderation and make sure you only eat organic dairy produce.
20. Don’t forget to have sex. Many couples get so hung up on boosting their fertility through diet and lifestyle changes they forget the most important ingredient of all – having satisfying and enjoyable sex. Female stimulation is believed to improve the chances of getting pregnant. When a woman experiences an orgasm, she is more likely to get pregnant.